Factors determining public debt sustainability

The impact on the European Union of Ukraine’s potential future accession

This report evaluates the impact on the EU of a possible EU accession of Ukraine, focusing on economic consequences and institutional developments.

Ukraine’s path to European Union membership and its long-term implications

The war complicates the accession process, but Ukraine can work progressively towards meeting the entry conditions

To become a geopolitical player the European Union needs Treaty change

The EU will never become a serious geopolitical player without reducing national veto power.

Changes in commodity prices as the factor triggering financial crises